Glossary definitions

The IPBES glossary terms definitions page provides definitions of terms used in IPBES assessments. Some definitions in this online glossary have been edited for consistency. Please refer to the specific assessment glossary for citations/authorities of definitions.

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Concept	Definition	Deliverable(s)
other effective area-based conservation measures	A geographically defined area other than a protected area, which is governed and managed in ways that achieve positive and sustained long- term outcomes for the in situ conservation of biodiversity (CBD, 2018a).	Global assessment (1st work programme)
overexploitation	Overexploitation means harvesting species from the wild at rates faster than natural populations can recover. Includes overfishing, and overgrazing.	Asia-Pacific assessment, Sustainable use assessment
overexploitation	Harvesting species from the wild at rates faster than natural populations can recover. Includes overfishing, and overgrazing.	Africa assessment, Europe and Central Asia assessment, Americas assessment, Global assessment (1st work programme)
overgrazing	Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.	Asia-Pacific assessment, Sustainable use assessment
overgrazing	An excess of herbivory that leads to degradation of plant and soil resources.	Americas assessment
overstocking	Placing a number of animals on a given area that will result in overuse if continued to the end of the planned grazing period.	Land degradation and restoration assessment

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