benefit sharing |
Distribution of benefits between stakeholders.
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Asia-Pacific assessment, Americas assessment, Global assessment (1st work programme), Land degradation and restoration assessment, Sustainable use assessment, Europe and Central Asia assessment |
benefit |
Advantage that contribute to well-being from the fulfilment of needs and wants. In the context of nature's contributions to people.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment |
benefit |
Advantage that contributes to well-being from the fulfilment of needs and wants.
|
Asia-Pacific assessment |
benefit |
Advantage that contributes to wellbeing from the fulfilment of needs and wants. In the context of nature's contributions to people (see Nature's contributions to people), a benefit is a positive contribution. (There may also be negative contributions, dis-benefits, or costs, from Nature, such as diseases).
|
Americas assessment, Global assessment (1st work programme), Land degradation and restoration assessment |
benthic |
Occurring at the bottom of a body of water; related to benthos.
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Europe and Central Asia assessment, Sustainable use assessment, Americas assessment, Asia-Pacific assessment |
benthos |
A group of organisms, including invertebrates, that live in or on the bottom in aquatic habitats.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment |
benthos |
A group of organisms, other invertebrates, that live in or on the bottom in aquatic habitats.
|
Americas assessment, Asia-Pacific assessment |
bequest value |
The satisfaction of preserving the option of future generations to enjoy nature’s benefits.
|
Scenarios and models assessment |
best practice |
A method or technique that consistently shows results superior to those achieved by other means, and that can be used as a benchmark. Best practices evolve agro-ecosystem properties (soil health, water storage, pest and disease resistance) by incorporating benefits of with improvements. Best practices can be used to maintain quality as an alternative to mandatory legislated standards and may be based on self-assessment or benchmarking.
|
Pollination assessment |
biennial |
See annual.
|
|
bio-prospectors |
Exploration of biodiversity for commercially, scientifically, or culturally valuable genetic and biochemical resources.
|
Sustainable use assessment |
bio-technical stabilization |
A method for mitigating land degradation using mechanical (structures) and biological elements to prevent severe erosion.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
bioaccumulation |
Some contaminants that enter biological systems are preferentially stored (usually in fat tissue) in organisms resulting in an accumulation over time. This process is called bioaccumulation.
|
Americas assessment |
bioaccumulation |
The accumulation of environmental pollutants such as isotopes of elements, inorganic and organic compounds in organisms or the environment.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biocapacity |
The definition that follows is for the purpose of this assessment only: Biocapacity has a variety of definitions, but is defined by the Global Footprint Network the as the ecosystems' capacity to produce biological materials used by people and to absorb waste material generated by humans, under current management schemes and extraction technologies. The ‘biocapacity' indicator used in this report is based on the Global Footprint Network unless otherwise specified.
|
Asia-Pacific assessment |
biocapacity |
The ecosystem's capacity to produce biological materials used by people and to absorb waste material generated by humans, under current management schemes and extraction technologies. The biocapacity indicator used in the present report is based on the Global Footprint Network, unless otherwise specified.
|
Americas assessment |
biocapacity |
The capacity of a country, a region, or the world, to produce useful biological materials for its human population and to absorb waste materials.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment, Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biocentric perspectives |
Recognizing the importance of non- human life.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment |
biocentric worldview |
Ethical perspective holding that all life (including humans, fauna, flora and domestic animals) deserves equal moral consideration or has equal moral standing. It contrasts with worldviews characterized as anthropocentric, which places humans at the center.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biocentrism |
See Ecocentrism.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biochar |
Charcoal made from biomass via pyrolysis and used for soil enhancement.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biochar |
Charcoal made from biomass via pyrolysis and used for soil improvement.
|
|
biochemical oxygen demand |
A measure of the amount of oxygen required or consumed for the microbiological decomposition (oxidation) of organic material in water. The purpose of this indicator is to assess the quality of water available to consumers in localities or communities for basic and commercial needs. It is also one of a group of indicators of ecosystem health.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biocultural approaches to conservation |
Conservation actions made in the service of sustaining the biophysical and sociocultural components of dynamic, interacting, and interdependent social-ecological systems.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biocultural community protocol |
a biocultural community protocol is a document that is developed after a community under-takes a consultative process to outline their core cultural and spiritual values and customary laws relating to their traditional knowledge and resources
|
Invasive alien species assessment |
biocultural diversity |
The diversity exhibited by interacting natural systems and human cultures. The concept rests on three propositions: firstly, that the diversity of life includes human cultures and languages; secondly, that links exist between biodiversity and human cultural diversity; and finally, that these links have developed over time through mutual adaptation and possibly co-evolution between humans, plants and animals.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biocultural diversity |
The total sum of the world's differences, irrespective of their origin. The concept encompasses biological diversity at all its levels and cultural diversity in all its manifestations. It is derived from the myriad ways in which humans have interacted with their natural surroundings.
|
Scenarios and models assessment, Pollination assessment |
biocultural diversity |
Biocultural diversity is considered as biological and cultural diversity and the links between them.
|
Values assessment |
biocultural diversity |
The total variety exhibited by the world's natural and cultural systems, explicitly considers the idea that culture and nature are mutually constituting, and denotes three concepts: first, diversity of life includes human cultures and languages; second, links exist between biodiversity and cultural diversity; and last, these links have developed over time through mutual adaptation and possibly co-evolution.
|
|
biocultural diversity |
The diversity exhibited collectively by natural and cultural systems. It incorporates three concepts: firstly, that the diversity of life includes human cultures and languages; secondly, that links exist between biodiversity and human cultural diversity; and finally, that these links have developed over time through mutual adaptation and possibly co-evolution between humans, plants and animals.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment, Land degradation and restoration assessment, Asia-Pacific assessment |
biocultural diversity |
The diversity exhibited by interacting natural systems and cultural (human) systems. The concept rests on three propositions: firstly, that the diversity of life includes human cultures and languages; secondly, that links exist between biodiversity and human cultural diversity; and finally, that these links have developed over time through mutual adaptation and possibly co-evolution between humans, plants and animals.
|
Sustainable use assessment |
biocultural management |
actions made in the service of sustaining the biophysical and sociocultural components of dynamic, interacting, and interdependent social–ecological systems
|
Invasive alien species assessment |
biocultural refugia |
Places where relict (formerly more widespread or abundant) species have found shelter during periods of stress, and that also contain a diversity of human knowledge and experiences, value and belief systems.
|
|
biodegradation |
Physical and chemical breakdown of a substance by living organisms, mainly bacteria and/or fungi.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biodiesel |
A fuel that is similar to diesel fuel and is derived from usually vegetable sources (such as soybean oil).
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biodiversity |
The variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. This includes variation in genetic, phenotypic, phylogenetic, and functional attributes, as well as changes in abundance and distribution over time and space within and among species, biological communities and ecosystems.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme), Sustainable use assessment, IPBES-IPCC co-sponsored workshop on biodiversity and climate change, Americas assessment, Africa assessment, Europe and Central Asia assessment |
biodiversity conservation |
The management of human interactions with genes, species, and ecosystems so as to provide the maximum benefit to the present generation while maintaining their potential to meet the needs and aspirations of future generations; encompasses elements of saving, studying, and using biodiversity.
|
Sustainable use assessment, Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biodiversity dilution effect |
A high number of species present in defined areas protects humans from infection from pathogens with an animal reservoir.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biodiversity footprint hotspot |
Biodiversity threat hotspots driven by global consumption of goods and services.
|
Americas assessment |
biodiversity hotspot |
A generic term for an area high in such biodiversity attributes as species richness or endemism. It may also be used in assessments as a precise term applied to geographic areas defined according to two criteria (Myers et al 2000): (i) containing at least 1,500 species of the world's 300,000 vascular plant species as endemics; and (ii) having lost 70% of its primary vegetation.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biodiversity hotspot |
A generic term for an area high in such biodiversity attributes as species richness or endemism. It may also be used in assessments as a precise term applied to geographic areas defined according to two criteria: (i) containing at least 1,500 species of the world's 300,000 vascular plant species as endemics, and (ii) having lost 70 per cent of its primary vegetation.
|
Asia-Pacific assessment, Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biodiversity hotspot |
A generic term for an area high in such biodiversity attributes as species richness or endemism. It may also be used in assessments as a precise term applied to geographic areas defined according to two criteria: (i) containing at least 1,500 species of the world's 300,000 vascular plant species as endemics, and (ii) being under threat, in having lost 70% of its primary vegetation.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment, Africa assessment, Americas assessment |
biodiversity intactness index |
An indicator of the average abundance of a large and diverse set of organisms in a given geographical area, relative to their reference populations.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme) |
biodiversity loss |
The reduction of any aspect of biological diversity (i.e. diversity at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels) is lost in a particular area through death (including extinction), destruction or manual removal; it can refer to many scales, from global extinctions to population extinctions, resulting in decreased total diversity at the same scale.
|
Europe and Central Asia assessment, Asia-Pacific assessment, Americas assessment, Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biodiversity loss |
The reduction of any aspect of biological diversity (i.e. diversity at the genetic, species and ecosystem levels) that results from loss in a particular area through death (including extinction), destruction or manual removal; it can refer to many scales, from global extinctions to population extinctions, resulting in decreased total diversity at the same scale, adversely affecting human-environment connections and disrupting the flow of Nature’s contribution to people.
|
Sustainable use assessment |
biodiversity offset |
A tool proposed by developers and planners for compensating for the loss of biodiversity in one place by biodiversity gains in another.
|
Global assessment (1st work programme), Land degradation and restoration assessment |
biodiversity offset |
A biodiversity offset is a tool proposed by developers and planners for compensating for the loss of biodiversity in one place by biodiversity gains in another.
|
Asia-Pacific assessment, Americas assessment, Europe and Central Asia assessment, Pollination assessment |
biodiversity |
Short for Biological diversity which is the variety of life on Earth. The variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, among species and of ecosystems.
|
|
biodiversity |
The variability among living organisms from all sources including, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.
|
Land degradation and restoration assessment, Asia-Pacific assessment |
biodiversity |
The variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.
|
Scenarios and models assessment |