Forests where trees have been deliberately planted (i.e. have not regenerated naturally) and are typically grown for the production of wood or fibre, in some cases they may replace grasslands or other non-forest vegetation types. They are often of exotic tree species.
The mating system provides a description of the distribution of mating unions in a population. The main mating systems in plants are outcrossing (cross-fertilisation), autogamy (self-fertilisation) and apomixis (asexual reproduction without fertilization). Mixed mating systems, where plants use two or three mating systems, are not uncommon.
Attributes of the flowers within an individual that may influence gamete transfer among conspecifics.
Zoning is a planning control tool for regulating the built environment and creating functional real estate markets.
Aquatic organisms that drift or swim weakly. Phytoplankton are the plant forms of plankton (e.g. diatoms), and are the dominant plants in the sea. Zooplankton are the animal forms of plankton.
Typically microscopic aquatic organisms that drift or swim weakly. Phytoplankton are the plant forms of plankton (e.g. diatoms), and are the dominant plants in the sea. Zooplankton are the animal forms of plankton.
The safe operating space for humanity with respect to the Earth system and are associated with the planet’s biophysical subsystems or processes.
The autotrophic components of the plankton community and a key part of oceans, seas and freshwater basin ecosystems.
The positive effect of green vegetation in landscapes on human beings.