The human-mediated movement of living organisms from one area, with release in another.

The action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer.

Form of pastoralism or nomadism organized around the migration of livestock between mountain pastures in warm seasons and lower altitudes the rest of the year.

A Form of pastoralism or nomadism organized around the migration of livestock between mountain pastures in warm seasons and lower altitudes the rest of the year. The seasonal migration may also occur between lower and upper latitudes. A traditional farming practice based on indigenous and local knowledge.

The IPBES Global Assessment defines transformative change as ‘a fundamental, system-wide reorganisation across technological, economic and social factors, including paradigms, goals and values. We build on this definition through reference to the depth, breadth and dynamics of system reorganisation.

A system wide change that requires more than technological change through consideration of social and economic factors that, with technology, can bring about rapid change at scale.

A fundamental, system-wide reorganization across technological, economic and social factors, including paradigms, goals and values (IPBES, 2018; IPCC, 2018).

Transformative change is defined in line with previous work of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services approved by its Plenary, as a fundamental, system-wide reorganization across technological, economic and social factors, including paradigms, goals and values, needed for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, good quality of life and sustainable development.

See land transformation.

In an organizational context, it refers to profound and radical change that orients an organization in a new direction and takes it to an entirely different level of effectiveness.